Estudo epidemiológico de biópsias realizadas em uma clínica odontológica universitária no período entre 2011 e 2018 / Epidemiological survey of biopsies performed in a dental school clinic in the period from 2011 to 2018

A grande quantidade de patologias com características clínicas semelhantes possibilita a coexistência de vários diagnósticos diferenciais frente a uma única lesão na mucosa bucal. Muitas vezes a realização de exames complementares, como a biópsia, torna-se mandatória para confirmação do diagnóstico sugestivo. Realizar levantamento dos laudos histopatológicos provenientes de biópsias executadas em uma clínica-escola odontológica no período entre 2011 e 2018. A partir dos prontuários odontológicos, as informações foram coletadas e tabuladas. Foram determinadas a frequência de cada lesão em relação ao total e ao seu próprio grupo de doenças e as características dos indivíduos. Um total de 106 diagnósticos de 105 pacientes (idade média 47,5 anos), sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (68 indivíduos - 64,8%) e leucoderma (67 indivíduos - 63,8%), foram avaliados. Em relação aos grupos de doenças, o mais representativo foi o das neoplasias benignas epiteliais ou mesenquimais (35 casos - 33%), seguido pelo dos processos proliferativos não neoplásicos (30 casos - 28,3%). Quanto aos diagnósticos, foram observados 25 diferentes, nos quais se destacaram o fibroma (30 casos - 28,3%) e a hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória (22 casos - 20,8%). Não foi constatada nenhuma patologia maligna. Traçar o perfil epidemiológico de certo grupo de indivíduos pode muitas vezes facilitar os diagnósticos, além de auxiliar na implementação de medidas de prevenção e na orientação dos assuntos a serem abordados nos cursos das instituições de ensino superior(AU)

A large number of pathologies with similar clinical features may allow coexistence of several differential diagnoses in a single lesion on the buccal mucosa. According to the clinical picture, complementary exams such as biopsy are often mandatory to confirm the suggestive diagnosis. To carry out a survey of histopathological diagnoses from biopsies performed in a dental school clinic in the period from 2011 to 2018. Information from dental records was gathered and tabulated. The frequency of each lesion was determined in relation to the total and its own group of diseases as well as the epidemiological characteristics of the individuals. A total of 106 diagnoses from 105 patients (mean age 47.5 years) were evaluated, being the majority of them female (68 individuals - 64.8%) and white (67 individuals - 63.8%). In relation to the groups of diseases, epithelial or mesenchymal benign neoplasms (35 cases - 33%) were the most representative, followed by nonneoplastic proliferative processes (30 cases - 28.3%). Regarding the diagnoses, 25 different ones were observed, in which fibroma (30 cases - 28.3%) and inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (22 cases - 20.8%) were more prevalent. No malignant pathology was found. To describe the epidemiological profile of a population can often facilitate diagnoses, besides assisting in the implementation of preventive measures and in the definition of graduate and post-graduate courses' scope(AU)

A novel method to evaluate salivary flow rates of head and neck cancer patients after radiotherapy: a pilot study / Um novo método para avaliar as taxas de fluxo salivar em pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço após radioterapia: estudo piloto

Abstract Introduction The procedure used to evaluate salivary flow rate is called sialometry. It can be performed through several techniques, but none appears to be really efficient for post-radiotherapy patients. Objective To adequate sialometry tests for head and neck cancer patients submitted to radiotherapy. Methods 22 xerostomic patients post-radiotherapy (total radiation dose ranging from 60 to 70 Gy) were included in this study. Ten patients were evaluated using sialometries originally proposed by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group and twelve were assessed by our modified methods. Unstimulated and stimulated sialometries were performed and the results were classified according a grading scale and compared between both groups. Results There was no statistically significant difference between the salivary evaluations of both groups (p = 0.4487 and p = 0.5615). Also, most of these rates were classified as very low and low. Conclusion This novel method seems to be suitable for patients submitted to radiotherapy.

Resumo Introdução O procedimento utilizado para avaliar a taxa de fluxo salivar é denominado sialometria. Pode ser realizado por meio de várias técnicas, mas nenhuma parece ser realmente eficiente para pacientes pós-radioterapia. Objetivo Adaptar sialometrias para pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço submetidos à radioterapia. Método 22 pacientes xerostômicos pós-radioterapia (dose de radiação total variando de 60-70 Gy) foram incluídos neste estudo. Dez pacientes foram avaliados utilizando sialometrias originalmente propostas pelo Radiation Therapy Oncology Group e doze foram avaliados por nossos métodos modificados. Sialometrias não estimuladas e estimuladas foram conduzidas e os resultados foram classificados de acordo com uma escala de graduação e comparados entre os dois grupos. Resultados Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre as avaliações salivares de ambos os grupos (p = 0,4487 e p = 0,5615). Além disso, a maioria dessas taxas foi classificada como muito baixa e baixa. Conclusão Esse novo método parece ser adequado para pacientes submetidos à radioterapia.

A novel method to evaluate salivary flow rates of head and neck cancer patients after radiotherapy: a pilot study.

INTRODUCTION: The procedure used to evaluate salivary flow rate is called sialometry. It can be performed through several techniques, but none appears to be really efficient for post-radiotherapy patients. OBJECTIVE: To adequate sialometry tests for head and neck cancer patients submitted to radiotherapy. METHODS: 22 xerostomic patients post-radiotherapy (total radiation dose ranging from 60 to 70Gy) were included in this study. Ten patients were evaluated using sialometries originally proposed by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group and twelve were assessed by our modified methods. Unstimulated and stimulated sialometries were performed and the results were classified according a grading scale and compared between both groups. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between the salivary evaluations of both groups (p=0.4487 and p=0.5615). Also, most of these rates were classified as very low and low. CONCLUSION: This novel method seems to be suitable for patients submitted to radiotherapy.

Impact of low-level laser therapy on hyposalivation, salivary pH, and quality of life in head and neck cancer patients post-radiotherapy.

Late effects of radiotherapy for head and neck cancer treatment have been increasingly investigated due to its impact on patients' quality of life. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-level laser therapy on hyposalivation, low salivary pH, and quality of life in head and neck cancer patients post-radiotherapy. Twenty-nine patients with radiation-induced xerostomia received laser sessions twice a week, during 3 months (24 sessions). For this, a continuous wave Indium-Gallium-Aluminium-Phosphorus diode laser device was used punctually on the major salivary glands (808 nm, 0.75 W/cm2, 30 mW, illuminated area 0.04 cm2, 7.5 J/cm2, 10 s, 0.3 J). Six extraoral points were illuminated on each parotid gland and three on each submandibular gland, as well as two intraoral points on each sublingual gland. Stimulated and unstimulated salivary flow rate, pH (two scales with different gradations), and quality of life (University Of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire for Patients with Head and Neck Cancer) were assessed at baseline and at the end of the treatment. There were significant increases in both mean salivary flow rates (unstimulated: p = 0.0012; stimulated: p < 0.0001), mean pH values (p = 0.0002 and p = 0.0004), and mean score from the quality of life questionnaire (p < 0.0001). Low-level laser therapy seems to be effective to mitigate salivary hypofunction and increase salivary pH of patients submitted to radiotherapy for head and neck cancer, thereby leading to an improvement in quality of life.

Acupuntura para xerostomia e hipofluxo salivar: revisão de literatura / Acupuncture for xerostomia and low salivary flow rate: a literature review

Objetivo: o objetivo deste artigo foi revisar a literatura sobre a prática da acupuntura no tratamento da xerostomia e do hipofluxo salivar. Material e Métodos: foi realizada busca no PUBMED, SCIELO e GOOGLE ACADÊMICO. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos em português e inglês. Resultados: a literatura revela uma grande falta de padronização entre trabalhos, fato que dificulta a comparação entre eles. Conclusão: mesmo com consideráveis estudos demostrando eficácia a curto e longo prazo, questões importantes ainda permanecem incertas, exigindo novas pesquisas para uma completa definição sobre o assunto.

Objective: the aim of this article was to review the literature about the practice of acupuncture for treatment of xerostomia and low salivary flow rate. Material and Methods: a search was performed using PUBMED, SCIELO, and GOOGLE ACADÊMICO. Full articles written in Portuguese and English were included in this study. Results: there is a lack of standardization among the studies, which makes comparisons between their results extremely difficult. Conclusion: even with considerable studies demonstrating short and long-term efficacy, important issues remain uncertain and require further research to provide a complete definition on the subject.

Low-Level Laser for Mitigation of Low Salivary Flow Rate in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiochemotherapy: A Prospective Longitudinal Study.

OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to assess the impact of low-level laser (LLL) on low salivary flow rate in patients undergoing radiochemotherapy (RT-CT) for head and neck cancer. BACKGROUND DATA: LLL has shown efficiency in preventing hyposalivation in patients under different pathological conditions, including those undergoing RT-CT. METHODS: During all RT-CT, 17 patients received laser therapy and 10 received clinical care only. An Indium-Gallium-Aluminum-Phosphorus diode laser was punctually used for intraoral (660 nm, 40 mW, 10 J/cm(2), illuminated area 0.04 cm(2), 10 sec) and extraoral irradiation (780 nm, 15 mW, 3.8 J/cm(2), illuminated area 0.04 cm(2), 10 sec), three times a week and on alternate days, for a total of 21 sessions. Unstimulated salivary flow rate was assessed before the first RT session (N0), at the 15th RT session (N15), at the last RT session (Nf), and at 30 (N30) and 90 days after the end of the oncologic treatment (N90). RESULTS: At N15, Nf, and N30, patients treated with LLL showed significantly higher averages of salivary flow rate when compared with patients receiving clinical care only. CONCLUSIONS: LLL seems to be an efficient tool for mitigation of salivary hypofunction in patients undergoing RT for head and neck cancer.

Low-level laser therapy for the prevention of low salivary flow rate after radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether low-level laser therapy can prevent salivary hypofunction after radiotherapy and chemotherapy in head and neck cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated 23 head and neck cancer patients, of whom 13 received laser therapy and 10 received clinical care only. An InGaAlP laser was used intra-orally (at 660 nm and 40 mW) at a mean dose of 10.0 J/cm(2) and extra-orally (at 780 nm and 15 mW) at a mean dose of 3.7 J/cm(2), three times per week, on alternate days. Stimulated and unstimulated sialometry tests were performed before the first radiotherapy and chemotherapy sessions (N0) and at 30 days after the end of treatment (N30). RESULTS: At N30, the mean salivary flow rates were significantly higher among the laser therapy patients than among the patients who received clinical care only, in the stimulated and unstimulated sialometry tests (p = 0.0131 and p = 0.0143, respectively). CONCLUSION: Low-level laser therapy, administered concomitantly with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, appears to mitigate treatment-induced salivary hypofunction in patients with head and neck cancer.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto do laser de baixa potência na prevenção de hipofluxo salivar em pacientes portadores de câncer de cabeça e pescoço após radioterapia e quimioterapia. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Treze pacientes receberam laserterapia e dez receberam cuidados clínicos. Utilizou-se um InGaAlP laser diodo para aplicação intraoral (comprimento de onda de 660 nm, 40 mW de potência e dose média de 10 J/cm2) e extraoral (comprimento de onda de 780 nm, 15 mW de potência e dose média de 3,7 J/cm2), três vezes por semana, em dias alternados. Sialometrias estimulada e não estimulada foram realizadas antes da primeira sessão de radioterapia e quimioterapia (N0) e 30 dias após o final do tratamento (N30). RESULTADOS: Em N30, os pacientes submetidos à laserterapia apresentaram médias estatisticamente maiores de fluxo salivar estimulado (p = 0,0131) e não estimulado (p = 0,0143), em comparação com os pacientes que receberam apenas cuidados clínicos. CONCLUSÃO: A laserterapia de baixa potência realizada concomitantemente a radioterapia e quimioterapia foi capaz de mitigar a hipofunção das glândulas salivares em pacientes portadores de câncer de cabeça e pescoço após o tratamento oncológico.

Low-level laser therapy for the prevention of low salivary flow rate after radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer / Laser de baixa potência para prevenção de hipofluxo salivar em pacientes portadores de câncer de cabeça e pescoço após radioterapia e quimioterapia

Abstract Objective: To determine whether low-level laser therapy can prevent salivary hypofunction after radiotherapy and chemotherapy in head and neck cancer patients. Materials and Methods: We evaluated 23 head and neck cancer patients, of whom 13 received laser therapy and 10 received clinical care only. An InGaAlP laser was used intra-orally (at 660 nm and 40 mW) at a mean dose of 10.0 J/cm2 and extra-orally (at 780 nm and 15 mW) at a mean dose of 3.7 J/cm2, three times per week, on alternate days. Stimulated and unstimulated sialometry tests were performed before the first radiotherapy and chemotherapy sessions (N0) and at 30 days after the end of treatment (N30). Results: At N30, the mean salivary flow rates were significantly higher among the laser therapy patients than among the patients who received clinical care only, in the stimulated and unstimulated sialometry tests (p = 0.0131 and p = 0.0143, respectively). Conclusion: Low-level laser therapy, administered concomitantly with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, appears to mitigate treatment-induced salivary hypofunction in patients with head and neck cancer.

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto do laser de baixa potência na prevenção de hipofluxo salivar em pacientes portadores de câncer de cabeça e pescoço após radioterapia e quimioterapia. Materiais e Métodos: Treze pacientes receberam laserterapia e dez receberam cuidados clínicos. Utilizou-se um InGaAlP laser diodo para aplicação intraoral (comprimento de onda de 660 nm, 40 mW de potência e dose média de 10 J/cm2) e extraoral (comprimento de onda de 780 nm, 15 mW de potência e dose média de 3,7 J/cm2), três vezes por semana, em dias alternados. Sialometrias estimulada e não estimulada foram realizadas antes da primeira sessão de radioterapia e quimioterapia (N0) e 30 dias após o final do tratamento (N30). Resultados: Em N30, os pacientes submetidos à laserterapia apresentaram médias estatisticamente maiores de fluxo salivar estimulado (p = 0,0131) e não estimulado (p = 0,0143), em comparação com os pacientes que receberam apenas cuidados clínicos. Conclusão: A laserterapia de baixa potência realizada concomitantemente a radioterapia e quimioterapia foi capaz de mitigar a hipofunção das glândulas salivares em pacientes portadores de câncer de cabeça e pescoço após o tratamento oncológico.

Assistência odontológica em pacientes portadores de necessidades especiais atendidos em uma única instituição / Dental care for disabled patients in a single institution

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as características epidemiológicas dos pacientes com necessidades especiais (PNE) em uma única instituição, bem como as modalidades de tratamento aos quais foram submetidos e o percentual de adesão ao tratamento. Materiais e métodos: realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo parcial dos PNE atendidos no período de janero de 1997 a dezembro de 2006. Foram coletados dados referentes ao gênero, idade, necessidade especial do paciente, data da primeira consulta, número de retornos com anestesia geral e/ou local, procedimentos executados e data da última consulta...

The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological features of the disable patients (DP) in a single institution, as well to the treatment modalities which the patients had been submitted and hee fraction of treatment adhesion. Materials and methods: DP partial retrospective atudy was carried during the period from january 1997 to december 2006. this study was based on the survey of age, gender, the patient special necessity, the attendance first date, number of returns executed with local and/or general anesthesy, executed procedures and the last attendance date...